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v54_0520 - 5 francs or Napoléon III, tête nue, petit module 1855 Paris F.500A/2

5 francs or Napoléon III, tête nue, petit module 1855 Paris F.500A/2 XF
MONNAIES 54 (2012)
Starting price : 200.00 €
Estimate : 350.00 €
Realised price : 350.00 €
Number of bids : 5
Maximum bid : 400.00 €
Type : 5 francs or Napoléon III, tête nue, petit module
Date: 1855
Mint name / Town : Paris
Quantity minted : 936176
Metal : gold
Millesimal fineness : 900 ‰
Diameter : 14,29 mm
Orientation dies : 6 h.
Weight : 1,61 g.
Edge : cannelée
Rarity : R1
Coments on the condition:
Usure régulière de circulation sur les reliefs et des égratignures dans les champs. La monnaie est bien frappée et bien centrée. De jolis restes du brillant d’origine

Obverse


Obverse legend : NAPOLEON III EMPEREUR.
Obverse description : Tête nue de Napoléon III à droite ; au-dessous (différent) BARRE (différent), le long du listel.

Reverse


Reverse legend : EMPIRE FRANCAIS.
Reverse description : 5 / FRANCS, en deux lignes dans le champ, au-dessus de 1855, dans une couronne composée de deux branches de laurier nouées en bas ; sous le nœud, la lettre d'atelier A.

Commentary


Ce type a toujours été rare car les pièces ont été largement refondues avant leur démonétisation par le décret du 19 février 1859. Par décision ministérielle en date du 14 juillet 1855, la Banque de France a versé au change pour être refondues les pièces de 5 francs en or de 14 mm pour une valeur de 4.440.000 francs soit 888.000 pièces.

Historical background


SECOND EMPIRE

(02/12/1852-04/09/1870)

Proclaimed Emperor under the name of Napoleon III, Louis Napoleon made his solemn entry into Paris on December 2, 1852.. He married Eugénie Marie de Montijo, a Spanish aristocrat, in January 1853. His reign can be divided into three periods: the authoritarian Empire until 1860; the Liberal Empire from 1860 to 1870 then the Parliamentary Empire in 1870. During the authoritarian Empire, Napoleon III exercised his power without sharing, controlled the press while the newspapers practiced self-censorship to avoid their suppression.. The prefects exercise unlimited power in the departments, the mayors, the civil servants are appointed by the government. As under the First Empire, Education and the University are monitored. Maintaining the main principles of the revolution, the sovereignty of the people is continued thanks to the consultation by plebiscite. On the economic level, the boom is important, industrialization develops as well as credit organizations and department stores. Military prestige is increased by the Crimean War which allows France to play an international role. The attack of Orsini (January 1858) does not prevent France from intervening in Italy to make triumph the principle of nationalities and allows the attachment of Nice and Savoy by the treaty of Turin (March 1860). From 1860, the Empire moved towards more freedoms: free trade treaty with England, appearance of a weak opposition in the Legislative Body, granting of the right to strike (1864), liberalization of the press (1868). On the international level, France acquires New Caledonia, Cochinchina and encourages the digging of the Suez Canal by Ferdinand de Lesseps. In Mexico, however, support for Maximilian and Austria was a failure. The 1869 elections were very bad for the regime and the opposition obtained 45% of the votes. The regime then evolved towards a parliamentary Empire by calling Émile Ollivier, leader of the Orléanist and liberal party, to power. After Sadowa in 1866 when Prussia crushed Austria, the affair of the throne of Spain and the dispatch from Ems led to the war which was declared on July 19, 1870. Accumulating setbacks, the French army was surrounded in Metz then Napoleon III, ill, capitulated at Sedan on September 2. As soon as the news was known, the decline of the Empire was announced by Gambetta, then the Republic was proclaimed on September 4.. Napoleon III was then taken captive to Hesse and then left for Kent where he died in 1873..

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