fme_949735 - AQUITAINE - DUCHY OF AQUITAINE - EDWARD III OF ENGLAND Médaille, Reproduction du Guyennois d’or, 3e type, n°125
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Type : Médaille, Reproduction du Guyennois d’or, 3e type, n°125
Date: 1985
Mint name / Town : Monnaie de Paris
Quantity minted : 500
Metal : copper
Diameter : 61,5 mm
Orientation dies : 12 h.
Weight : 134,29 g.
Edge : lisse + corne CU + 1985 + N°125/500
Puncheon : corne CU
Coments on the condition:
Patine hétérogène, présentant quelques taches d’oxydation
Obverse
Obverse legend : ED D GRA REX A-LI-E DO AQVI:T-A-IE.
Obverse description : Le roi debout à droite, en armure, tenant une épée de sa main droite et un bouclier de sa gauche, sous un portique gothique ; les pieds du roi reposant sur deux lions opposés.
Obverse translation : (Édouard, par la grâce de Dieu, roi d’Angleterre, seigneur d’Aquitaine).
Reverse
Reverse legend : + GLA IN EXELCIS: DEO: ET: IN: TCRRA: PAX: HOIBVS, (PONCTUATION PAR DEUX ANNELETS POINTÉS SUPERPOSÉS).
Reverse description : Croix fleuronnée portant un quadrilobe évidé en cœur, cantonnée aux 1 et 4 d’un lis, aux 2 et 3 d’un léopard, le tout dans un polylobe (seize lobes).
Reverse translation : (Gloire à Dieu dans les Cieux et paix aux hommes sur Terre, Luc, II-14).
Historical background
AQUITAINE - DUCHY OF AQUITAINE - EDWARD III OF ENGLAND
(1317-1362)
Edward (1312-1377), eldest son of Edward II and Isabella of France, follows his mother when she rebels against her husband. When Edward II is overthrown, Edward III, who had already been Duke of Aquitaine since 1317, becomes King of England. He marries Philippa de Hainaut (+1369), the daughter of the count of Hainaut, Guillaume. After the death of Charles IV le Bel, his cousin, he paid homage to Philippe VI de Valois for Aquitaine. In 1330, in England, he executed Mortimer, his minister and his mother's lover. He forces his mother to retire (+1358). Pushed by his cousin Robert d'Artois, he broke the homage for Aquitaine. The Hundred Years' War began in 1337. The French were beaten at Écluse in 1340, then at Crécy in 1346. He took Calais after a long siege (the famous bourgeois). England was hit by the Great Plague in 1348. After the death of Philip VI, he continued the fight against John II, defeated him at Poitiers and took him prisoner. Edward, the Black Prince, became Prince of Aquitaine in 1362.
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