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fjt_632603 - CORPORATIONS Émission de 1750 1750

CORPORATIONS Émission de 1750 AU
90.00 €(Approx. 94.50$ | 74.70£)
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Type : Émission de 1750
Date: 1750
Metal : silver
Diameter : 31 mm
Orientation dies : 6 h.
Weight : 9,78 g.
Edge : cannelée
Catalogue references :

Obverse


Obverse legend : LUD. XV. REX. CHRISTIANISS.
Obverse description : Tête de Louis XV signée J.C.R [n°309], type Guéant Prieur 554A.
Obverse translation : Louis XV, roi très chrétien.

Reverse


Reverse legend : INSUPER. ALAS. ADDIDIMUS ; À L'EXERGUE : LES. JUGE. ET. CONSULS. 1750.
Reverse description : La Justice aveuglée marchant à droite et tenant de la dextre une épée et de la senestre une balance.
Reverse translation : Nous lui avons ajouté des ailes.

Commentary


Le terme de consuls désigne les juges des tribunaux de commerce établis par l'Édit de 1563. La juridiction consulaire de Paris se composait d'un juge et de quatre consuls élus chaque année par les six grands corps, comprenant également les marchands et les libraires imprimeurs.
On note que le buste utilisé est le même que pour le revers sans millésime alors que ce buste est par ailleurs daté de 1732.

Historical background


CORPORATIONS

In Rome, groups of artisans already existed: forming a college placed under the protection of a divinity, with a common house and fund. In medieval Europe, probably from religious brotherhoods, economic groups were formed between merchants called hanse or ghilde.. With the development of trade, craftsmen organized themselves into trade bodies or communities which brought together all those who practiced the same profession: masters, journeymen or apprentices.. To enter the body, you had to "swear" the profession. Alongside, there were free professions that could be practiced by all.. Each corps was headed by a collegial management responsible for enforcing the regulations of the trade, protecting the trade from competition and directing the mutual benefit society.. At the end of the 17th century, the king began to sell the functions of jurors and corporate trustees as hereditary offices, which led to serious financial difficulties at a time when the corporations no longer met the new economic requirements of the development of industry and business concentration. It is also in England that the corporations disappeared spontaneously because of the industrial revolution.. The corporations will be abolished in France in 1791 by the Constituent Assembly.

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